Keyboard Symbols

⌘ Command ⌥ Option (alt) ⎋ Escape (esc) ⇧ Shift ⌫ Backspace (delete) ⌃ Control fn Function ⇪ Caps lock ␣ Space ⇥ Tab return (enter) ←↑→↓ Arrow Keys

Shortcuts

⌘ Command + ␣ Space = Spotlight Search fn Function + ⌫ Backspace = Forward Delete (suprimir) ⇧ Shift + ←↑→↓ = Select ⌥ Option + ⌘ Command + ⎋ Escape = Force Quit ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Command + 3 = Screenshot ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Command + 4 = Selective Screenshot ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Command + 5 = Screenshot with options ⌘ Command + ⇧ Shift + ⌫ Backspace = Empty Trash (Finder) ⌘ Command + ⇥ Tab = Switch Apps ⌘ Command + , = Preferences (current App) ⌘ Command + A = Select All ⌘ Command + C = Copy ⌘ Command + D = Duplicate ⌘ Command + F = Find (current app) ⌘ Command + Q = Quit (current app) ⌘ Command + P = Print ⌘ Command + V = Paste ⌘ Command + X = Cut ⌘ Command + Z = Undo ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Command + Z = Redo (after Undo) ⌃ Control + C = Stop running process ⌥ Option + ⇧ Shift + - = Long Hyphen (—) fn Function + F2 = Edit Cell Excel

Troubleshoot

Startup Modes
Safe mode: ⇧ Shift key
Boot devices: ⌥ Option
Recovery mode: (Reinstall OS or factory reset)
⌘ Command + R (Intel based processors)
Press and hold power button (Apple Sillicon)
Clear Mac Cache
Finder>Go to Folder or ⇧⌘Z:
~/Library/Caches
Install “package” from an unidentified developer
control > right-click (open)
Reset Settings (NVRAM/PRAM Non-Volatile Random-access memory)
⌥ Option + ⌘ Command + P + R
Power on and listen for 2 startup sounds
Reset Hardware (SMC System Management Controller)
⇧ Shift + ⌃ Control + ⌥ Option + Power
Press at any time for about 1/2 second then release (The computer will shut down)

Terminal /bin/bash (specific for macOS)

% man <command> # manual of the <command> % <command> -h # Command help % clear # clear the terminal % ls # list files % ls -l # list files with permissions % cd # change directory % say <sentence> # say out lout <sentence> % mkdir <dir> # Create directory % touch <file.ext> # Create file % rm <file> # Delete file % rm -R <dir> # Delete folder and its content % cp <file> <newfile> # Copy a file to the current folder % cp <file> <dir> # Copy <file> to the <dir> % <command> | pbcopy # copy output to clipboard % caffeinate # keeps your mac awake till ⌃+C is pressed % ditto # better version of copy % <command> | grep <filter> # filter results % top # running processes % uptime # time since mac was turned on % history # history of the commands typed on the prompt % sudo shutdown -h now # poweroff mac now % sudo shutdown -r now # restart mac now % ps -ax # Processes % ps -ax | grep <filter> # filter or find process % kill -9 <PID> # kill a process through its ID % sqlite3 ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.LaunchServices.QuarantineEventsV* 'select LSQuarantineDataURLString from LSQuarantineEvent' # watch download history ## Network Commands % ping <host> % ifconfig # Show ip configuration % ifconfig en0 # Show interface configuration % ifconfig en0 | grep inet # Select interface and filter by inet % ipconfig getpacket en0 % ipconfig set en0 DHCP # Renew dhcp lease % ssh <user>@<host> % arp -a # Quick scan to LAN neighbours % traceroute <domain/ip> # Identify the path and hops traversed by packages % dscacheutil -flushcache # dschacheutil -flushcache % dig <domain> # DNS info % whois <domain> # registry domain info % curl -O <url-to-file> # Download file via HTTP, HTTPS, or FTP % netstat -nr | grep default # default gateway % networksetup -listallhardwareports # network interfaces

Homebrew

% /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)" % brew update % brew install cmatrix % cmatrix

Apple Device Support Certification

Prerequisites
Hardware models and configurations — Identify and be familiar with high-level usage of common components, specifications, and configurations between mobile, laptop, and desktop hardware.
Data storage types and methods — Identify data storage types and methods, such as internal or external SSD (solid state drive), local and cloud, server, and NAS (network attached storage).
Operating systems — Be familiar with common computer and cell phone operating systems and know how to use them.
IT networking and security — Be familiar with enterprise-level network concepts such as network setup, configuration, and coverage. You should also be familiar with Wi-Fi and cellular connectivity standards, LAN (local area network), WAN (wide area network), and RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service). Describe common enterprise-level security concepts, such as authentication protocols, firewalls, VPN, proxies, and admin and user privileges.
Command line — Know how to run command-line programs or scripts.
Enterprise backup — Identify enterprise approaches for data backup and restore operations, including server and cloud backup methods.
Cloud computing — Be familiar with different types of cloud computing services and their features that can provide on-demand availability of computer system resources, such as data storage and computing power.
Device management — Be familiar with the general concepts of device management and MDM vendors in an organizational environment.
Systematic troubleshooting — Identify systematic approaches to isolating, troubleshooting, and resolving hardware, software, or network issues.